MXene-Driven Sodium Sulfur Batteries for Next-Generation Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a cornerstone of the European Commission's climate strategy, aiming to reduce emissions and transition to a low-carbon economy across Europe. This project focuses on developing high-performance sodium-sulfur batteries (NaSBs) for EVs using advanced MXene-modified electrodes. The key innovation is the eradication of hydrofluoric acid etching by HF-free direct synthesis of Ti₃C2Tₓ MXene-modified cathode material, allowing precise control over morphology and sulfur (-S) incorporation at the termination. This approach mitigates the polysulfide shuttle effect, enhances energy storage capacity, and targets a capacity exceeding 400 mAh/g with a cycle life of over 500 cycles. On the anode side, the project strategically addresses the critical issue of dendrite formation in Na metal anodes modified by utilizing Ti2CTₓ MXene, which improves safety and longevity. The project will employ half-cell and full-cell testing to optimize the electrochemical performance, while in-situ electrochemical analysis will monitor real-time behavior of the anode and cathode during cycling. This will provide crucial insights into how MXene modifications enhance energy density, cycling stability, and overall battery life. The project will be carried out in collaboration with leading research groups in Ireland and Sweden, providing access to cutting-edge facilities and expertise. This fellowship offers the opportunity to work with prominent experts in battery technology, fostering international collaboration and personal development as an independent researcher. The ultimate goal is to deliver a scalable, high-performance NaSB solution that can significantly impact the future of EV battery technology.