Modulation of Liver Metabolism/Inflammation at Different Disease Stages by Leveraging ADAR-based RNA Editing

RNA base editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is a natural process that diversifies protein function by modifying mRNA. Redirecting ADAR activity with RNA-based drugs holds significant promise for correcting genetic mutations and uniquely enables precise modulation of protein function. However, major challenges remain to fully unlock this potential.In this collaborative effort, we present a target discovery platform and demonstrate in vivo proof-of-concept (PoC) that targeted RNA base editing can mitigate chronic liver disease. Our team combines its groundbreaking insights and tools to predict functional editing computationally (PI Levanon), efficiently screen for effective edits (PI Stafforst), and establish functional PoC in animal models of liver disease (PI Heikenwälder).Chronic liver disease stems from disturbances in the liver microenvironment caused by chronic viral infections, alcohol intake, sedentary life-style/high-calorie diets or autoimmunity, all disrupt hepatocyte metabolism and regulatory signalling. This ultimately leads to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and liver cancer. We suggest that targeted RNA base editing is well-suited to counteract liver disease by modulating protein function and upregulating hepatoprotective proteins.To maximize the likelihood of success, our team addresses three Focus Areas, each representing a distinct stage of liver disease: In Focus Area 1, we aim to modulate liver metabolism (promoting catabolism) at an early disease stage. In Focus Area 2, we seek to reduce chronic inflammatory signalling at the mid-stage. Finally, Focus Area 3 focuses on generating highly immunogenic neoantigens in cancerous liver tissue to stimulate immune therapies at advanced stages.Overall, this project will push far beyond the current state-of-the-art in this field, significantly advancing this innovative therapeutic modality. We aim to make a substantial impact on Europe’s society, healthcare systems, and pharmaceutical industry.